Computational Fluid Dynamics - In Detail

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) can be used to mathematically model and predict liquid/gas flow and heat transfer applications. This includes, but is not limited to: Heat exchangers, Pipework and manifolds, Flue Systems, Valves, Electric / Electronic Components and Related Cooling Devices, Components for large and small scale power generation systems.

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) provides the following predictions for liquid/gas flow and heat transfer systems:

• Pressure drop and pressure distribution in three dimensions for known geometry and operating conditions (e.g. flow rates). This allows for identification of the most restrictive parts of a system and gives clues for desirable modifications from pressure drop point of view.
• Liquid/gas velocity fields and flow path lines in three dimensions. To judge whether the flow patterns are appropriate in a given device/system. Appropriate flow distribution is essential in various applications, e.g. in burners - to provide uniform loading and low emissions, heat exchangers - to provide high heat transfer efficiency, adequate level of cooling and to avoid overheating, air conditioning - to provide a consistent level of comfort in an air conditioned environment
• Heat transfer rates in three dimensions enables the evaluation of how effective given geometries are in transferring heat.
• Temperature field in three dimensions in solids liquids and gases. This allows for judging whether the predicted temperature distribution is appropriate for a given process/device and provides clues on what changes can be made to improve the design.

The above are predicted for every point of a domain under investigation by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), which is rare when experimental techniques are used. Moreover, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) predictions are usually presented in a graphical form, which makes them easier to understand and interpret.